GLP-1 & incretin

Semaglutide

Large trials + label

GLP-1 receptor agonist with large randomized human trials behind it and FDA approval for type 2 diabetes and weight management under brand names.

SubQOralIntermediateFDA approvedfat lossappetite controlmetabolic healthinflammation

Also known as Ozempic · Wegovy

At a glance

Dose summary

Typical dose1 mg
Range250 mcg–2.4 mg
FrequencyWeekly
Half-life~7 days
ScheduleOnce a week
Cycle lengthNot cycled
RouteSubQ · Oral
Experience levelIntermediate
Evidence gradeLarge trials + label
ApprovalFDA approved
Where the dose comes fromAn approved product label

Reconstitution

What to draw, at the usual vial

A 5 mg vial reconstituted with 2 mL of bacteriostatic water gives 2.50 mg/mL. A typical 1 mg dose is 0.400 mL — pull the plunger to 40 units on a U-100 syringe.

Concentration2.50 mg/mL
Draw volume0.400 mL
U-100 units40 units
Doses per vial5

Same dose, other vial sizes

VialWaterConcentrationDrawUnitsDoses
2 mg2 mL1.00 mg/mL1.000 mL100 units2
5 mg2 mL2.50 mg/mL0.400 mL40 units5
10 mg2 mL5.00 mg/mL0.200 mL20 units10

The highlighted row is the one quoted above: the smallest listed vial that holds at least four typical doses. Change any of it — a different vial, more or less water, a different dose — on the reconstitution calculator, which draws the syringe to true U-100 graduations.

Titration

Step-up ladder

This compound is escalated rather than held flat. Each step is a fixed number of weeks before the next increase — the side effects cluster in the days after a step, not at the top of the ladder.

StepWeeksDoseNote
11–4250 mcgstarting dose
25–8500 mcg
39–121 mg
413–161.7 mg
517–202.4 mgmaintenance

Full ladder: 20 weeks from the starting dose to the top step.

Mechanism & evidence

What it is, and what is known

GLP-1 receptor agonist with large randomized human trials behind it and FDA approval for type 2 diabetes and weight management under brand names.

Tolerability

Reported side effects

  • Nausea, especially in the days after a dose increase
  • Constipation or diarrhoea
  • Reduced appetite and early satiety
  • Fatigue during titration

Hard stops

Do not use this if

  • Pregnancy, possible pregnancy, or breastfeeding
  • Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma, or MEN2
  • History of pancreatitis
  • Existing thyroid disease

These are flags, not a screening. They do not replace a conversation with a clinician who knows your history.

Handling

Storage

Sealed powder, refrigerated24 months
After reconstitution, refrigerated56 days

Keep it cold, keep it dark, and label the vial with the date you mixed it. Discard anything cloudy or past the window above.

References

Sources

Educational information only, not medical advice. Talk to a licensed clinician before starting, changing, or stopping anything.